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Showing posts with label Modern Martyrs of Korea. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Modern Martyrs of Korea. Show all posts

Friday, August 30, 2013

Carmelite Nuns of Seoul, Continued

 
Mother Marie-Therese was now facing a difficult decision: would she pack up the sisters in the ten minutes available to them and flee Korea for Japan?  She was never one to run from a fight.  She, Mother Marie-Mechtilde and others had endured harsh sufferings through two wars, could they face another one?  "Would the plane take all the sisters?" she asked.  "No", the bishop responded, "only the European ones."  The Korean nuns could not leave.
 
Marie-Therese quickly called a meeting of the European nuns to tell them of the offer.  They all had absolute freedom of choice to stay or go. They asked her what she had decided, but she refused to tell them in case it influenced their decision.  They knelt in prayer.  Each made their own decision and they all came to same conclusion: they would not go without their Korean sisters - they were staying.  Mother Marie-Therese went to inform the Bishop.  When he heard it, and that not even the blind Sr Madeleine would leave, he was touched by their courage and loyalty.  When the Korean nuns heard of what happened they wept: their sisters would not abandon them.
 
As the fighting began the nuns continued their observance, praying in their chapel as the guns were fired outside.  The monastery was in the direct path of the invading army, and so it was decided that the community should leave and find a safer building.  However some feared the monastery would be pillaged, so it was decided that a small number, eight, would remain behind to do what they could to protect it. The chaplain, Fr Gombert would keep an eye on the remaining nuns and should things get too dangerous he would take them out to safety.  All agreed, and the community went to the Sisters of St Paul of Chartres and safety as eight remained.  But things did not turn out as expected.  The convent of the Sisters of St Paul came under direct attack and soon Fr Gombert felt it was too dangerous, and brought the sisters to the safety of his cellar.  There in the cellar with others seeking refuge, Fr Gombert exposed the Blessed Sacrament and led adoration and Benediction.  The vigil of prayer ended with Mass at dawn on the 28th July 1950.  They then went to the Carmelite monastery for safety.
 
The North Korean army was devastating the city.  The bishop's house had been destroyed and the Sisters of St Paul had been given three days to leave their convent.  For some strange reason the soldiers seemed oblivious to the monastery at first, but it did not last.  Soon "inspections" were ordered, and the soldiers questioned the sisters.  The Koreans were rebuked for their decision to join the Order and deprive Korea of children.   Tensions grew and the visiting soldiers became more aggressive.  On the 14th July the sisters were told that all the Europeans had to gather at the bishop's house.  Mother Marie-Therese sent the Korean postulants back to their families, and the next day, the 15th Mother Marie-Therese, Mother Mechtilde, Sr Henrietta, Sr Madeleine and Sr Bernadette were piled into cars with Fr Gombert and two other priests and brought to a hotel which was now designated a camp.  There the Bishop and a number of others were also interned.  Over the next few days other Bishops, priests and nuns arrived.  On the 19th July the order came for some to leave: they were to go to Pyongyang.
 
Put on a train the sisters arrived at the North Korean capital on the 21st July.  Bundled into a truck they were brought to open fields and then, ordered out, they had to walk to their destination several miles away: a camp.   They were moved again, in great hardship to Manpo in September, where they stayed for six weeks.  The group of captives was growing, and now included a large number of captured American soldiers.  On the 7th October, as winter was drawing in, they were told they had to depart: the Death March was about to begin.  After what seemed liked aimless wandering for a few weeks, on the 31st October they were handed over to the custody of the Police Department. 
 
The March began on the 1st November. Amid dreadful hardship, hunger and cold the prisoners walked towards an unknown destination.   The guards cried out "Hurry, hurry!" and people began to fall and die, their bodies hastily buried under piles of stones along the side of the road.  One of their companion Sr Beatrix, a sister of St Paul of Chartres, was the first to go: unable to continue she was left behind with one of the soldiers.  Disease and exhaustion began to claim others, including Fr Gombert. 
 
On the 16th November 1950, Mother Marie-Mechtilde and another sister, now invalids, were left behind.  After a difficult journey, she was brought to a camp, Hachang Ri, where, surrounded by other prisoners, a priest among she died of her sufferings on the 18th November.  Her body was buried near the camp.
 
Meanwhile on the 19th November, Mother Marie-Therese complained of a pain in her side.  She had a fever and was suffering from dysentery.  Her appetite was gone, but she tried to eat a little.  Over the coming days the pain increased, and on the 28th she began to have crippling headaches.  Lying on her meagre camp bed, the other sisters gave her their blankets to keep her warm, but she soon fell unconscious.  At 2am on the morning of the 30th November, she died.  Her body was buried in a shallow grave.

Thursday, August 29, 2013

More New Martyrs: Carmelite Nuns of Seoul

 
Yesterday I gave brief biographies of the seven Columban priests whose Cause for beatification has been introduced as members of the Modern Martyrs of Korea group.  I also mentioned that two of our Discalced Sisters are among the group.  I have been trying to get some information on them, so this is what I have come up with.  The two sisters were Belgian.
 
Mother Marie-Mechtilde of the Blessed Sacrament was born Godelieve Devriese in Ieper, Belgium in 1888. She entered the Discalced Carmelite Order in Ypres in 1906.  With the outbreak of the First World War, she and the other sisters in the community had to flee. The monastery was destroyed, and so rather than wait for it to be built she joined the community in Aire in 1917. She was, however, destined to become a missionary and was asked in 1919 to go to a struggling monastery in Smyrna in Turkey to help it re-establish.   That monastery too found itself in a battle zone and it was destroyed in 1922 in the hostilities of the Greek-Turkish war.  She returned to Aire and remained there until 1939 when she was asked to be part of a new monastery in Seoul in Korea.  With a keen sense of adventure, no doubt distilled in the many scrapes she had endured so far, she agreed, and was appointed Prioress of the new monastery.  In April 1939 she and another sister left for Korea, arriving at their new monastery in Seoul in May.
 
Welcomed by the local bishop, Mother Marie-Mechtilde and her companion sought and found a suitable building to found the new community.  At first they had plenty of money to set the place up, however three months after they arrived World War II broke out and their money was swept away and they were left penniless. The Bishop and Sisters of St Paul of Chartres came to their rescue and Mother Marie-Mechtilde managed to get some form of monastery in place.  Meanwhile the other sisters arrived, and among them is our other martyred sister, Sr Marie-Therese of the Child Jesus.
 
Marie-Therese was born Irene Bastin in Virton, Luxembourg in Belgium in 1901.  When World War I broke out her parents formed part of the resistance against German occupation.  They were eventually arrested, leaving Irene not only to fend for herself  in the midst of war, but she also took up their mantle and joined a resistance movement, La Dame Blanche.  She too was arrested in 1918, but due to lack of evidence she escaped execution and was freed.   After the war she was honoured and decorated by both Belgium and the UK.  Her heart, however, was set on another place: Carmel.  In 1919 she entered the monastery in Virton.  At her clothing, as she took off her wedding dress and took the habit, she placed her decorations at the feet of the statue of the Child of Prague, renouncing them forever. She remained in that monastery until 1940 when she volunteered to join the new monastery in Seoul.
 
During the war the sisters suffered greatly.  However, they managed to follow the horarium and keep some food in their stomachs.  American troops were very kind to them and gave them food whenever they could.  At the end of the war, the community still intact, they found they needed a larger building, and so  in 1946 the intrepid nuns moved to a new monastery.  And they began to flourish.  Life as easier and young Korean women, having seen the heroism of the nuns, wanted to enter. From that monastery, other Carmels in Korea began to be founded. However, the shadows returned in 1948 with the withdrawal of American troops in 1948: the threat of communism now began to worry many in Korea.
 
On the 24th June 1950 the sisters hosted a little celebration for two missionary priests, one marking a Golden Jubilee and two newly ordained.  The next day still joyful from their celebrations the sisters heard that war had started.  Sr Marie-Therese had now succeeded Mother Marie-Mechtilde as prioress and it now fell to her to protect the community from the hostilities - she had been well prepared for it. 
 
The Bishop of Seoul arrived the next day, the 27th to update Mother Marie-Therese and the sisters on the situation.  Seoul was only twenty-five miles from the border with North Korea and the army of South Korea was not good enough to fight off an invasion.  He advised the sisters that the last plane to Tokyo was soon to leave and he wanted the community on it: they had ten minutes to get ready.  Mother Marie-Therese now faced a difficult decision: would they stay or leave?
 
(More tomorrow)